Germany / 3p MP2 5k / 8.5 kWp / 56kWh / Hoymiles

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Hello Victron communty!

I like to describe my system and found solutions in three posts. Maybe this helps others designing their solution.

  1. Situation & system overview
  2. Details about single solutions
  3. Bill of material

DISCLAIMER
I planed and build all on my own.
I am not an electician, but an electrician checked everything and connected to the grid.
Please consult a certified electrician familar with your local regulations.

My System

  • Location: Hamburg/Germany
  • SOP: 21.12.2024
  • PV: 8.5 kWp, 20x Trina Vertex S+ 425Wp, south, 42 deg elevation
    ** PV charger: SmartMPPT 150/45 2s2p at roof top for black start and efficient battery charging
    ** PV inverter: 3x HMS-2000-4T, 1x HMS-1000-2T, 1x HM-600 for shadow management
    ** PV integration: OpenDTU, dbus-dtu, (VM-3p75ct not yet connected
  • Charger/Inverter: 3x MP2 5k (3 phase), 70qmm DC, 10qmm AC, external Artic 80 PWM fans
  • DC busbar: 2x Lynx Distributor with dbus-lynx fuse monitoring and Adler EF3 fuses
  • Battery: 4x Gobel Power GP-SR1-PC200 280Ah REPL class B in APC NetShelter SX 24U
  • Cerbo GX (mk1)
  • new Hager power distribution board Universe Z 1100 (h) x 800 (w, 3 panels) and 2x Kraus Naimer manual 1-0-2 transfer switches for ACout1 and ACout 2

This is how it looks like (not complete):
AC and DC are seperated. AC goes up, DC and commnication is in the bottom cabel channel. The battery cabinet ensures not kids or any other person can touch the covered battery poles.

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Why this complicated system?

I am living in the nice and green city of Hamburg. My house is surrounded by 160 years old American white oaks. These oaks and some other trees put a lot of shadows on my roof until 10:30-12:15 (left vs. right edge) and from 15:00 to 17:30.
I have a crippled hipped roof with a central dormer.
In combination I am restricted to an effected string length of 1-2 panels or with “long” strings without optimizers harvest only a fraction of possible energy.

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Hamburg has a public PV-GIS (PV geo information system) analyzing sun and shadow of each roof from satelite photos. Estimation for my roof was “not suitable” with gain below 700 kW/year per kWp PV.

I measered a whole year PV with a plug ready balcony PV system (the HM-600) on the terrace. During winter, the terrace is completly shadowed by our hedge and some trees.
Result: 650 kWh/year measured, 700-750 kWh/year extrapolated

Year 2025 result

In 2025 I produced from January to September appr. 6,000 kWh or appr. 700 kWh/year per kWp. Based on results from Jan-Sep, I estimate a 12 month result at 6,300-6,500 kWh/year or 740-765 kWh/year per kWp.

The below graph shows power generation per sinlge PV panel on a sunny day. It shows the advantage of single MPPTs per panel in my special situation. Shadow from a big oak at the street in the morning and a slim but high birch from neighbour in the afternoon. Time difference of 100% power vs 10% in shadow is up to 2hrs per panel. If I had long strings, I might have harvested half the energy.

In a string without optimizers, the weakest panel determs the string’s current. Victron MPPTs are not compatible with optimizers. Creating 10-20 strings fro 20 panels was not an option.

The SmartMPPT with 2s2p is not shown.

Data was gathered integrating OpenDTU via MQTT with Home Assistant.

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Post #2 detailed solutions

Table of Content

  1. Central Power Distribution Board
  2. Mapping AC MP2 to PDB (27x 10qmm)
  3. Battery Cabinett
  4. DC Distribution and Adler EF3 Fuses
  5. Lynx Fuse Monitoring

Central Power Distribution Board

In Germany 0% tax is applied to PV and battery storage and all changes needed to the power distribution board (PDB). If a power distribution is changed, it shall be compliant to current regulations. My house was build in the 1990s and the PDB was far from meeting any current standards. RCDs only for the wet rooms, today any circuite must be protected. No “SLS” a central magnetic fuse to the grid, that can be reactived by the user. No surge protection to the grid. No spare space.

With my electician we decided to replace the whole cabibet with state of the ar Hager components. 3 phase, 35A SLS, 16qmm for main trunks, 2,5 qmm for 16A curcuits, 6qmm for 32A to sub didstribution in the roof for AC-PV. Horizontal and vertical power distrubtion rails to make it celan. PhonixContact terminal blocks as interface to the curcuits on top and to MP2 on bottom.

Left: top critical loads, at bottom ports to MP2s
Middle: top normal loads, at bottom grid distribution and “APZ”
Right: energy meter VM-3p75ct, official grid meter, surge protection and SLS, grid connection, “RfZ”

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This is how it looked before


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Mapping AC from MP2 to PDB

3x MP2, each 3x 3p 10qmm (ACin, Out1, Out2) to 3x 5p 10qmm

Right hand side the 9 cables 3p 10qmm from MP2 are going into a Hager 3 row distribution cabinett. In the cabinet main distrubtion blocks are used to map to 3x 5p 10qmm cables. By intention, all lines p1-3, N, PE are mapped. The symmetric installation ensures no mixed up lines. Phases 1-3 and N are switched in the main distrubtion cabinat behind the photographer.
The flexible Ölflex 100 still have a significant bending radius.

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Battery Cabinet

Each 14,4kWh / 280Ah Gobel Power GP-SR1-PC200 weights 120kg. I needed a solution to install them into the server cabinett (APC NetShalter SX) and to remove them in case of maintenance. A cheap electic winch es a perfect solution!

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The batteries are placed in the cellar, which can be accessed by a narrow and 90 degree bended stairs. The electric winch with some wood parts helped to get the batteries down in two steps.

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DC Distribution and Adler EF3 Fuses

I use two Lynx Distributor as DC bus bar. One is used for the 3 MP2s and the SmartMPPT.
The second connects the four batteries. Fuses are Adler EF3 200A, wich can clear up to 50,000A.
The two Lynx are connected via 95qmm NSGAFÖU.
All lugs (70qmm MP2, 95qmm Lynx interconnect) are high quality Klaube or Cimco.

Battery Lynx wiht 4x Adler EF3

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Test of a crimping mode with a cheap China 16t hydraulic press.
Result: solid cold welded copper block :wink:

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Lynx Fuse Monitoring

Tobias has written the open-source software “dbus-lynx-distributor”, which partly simulates a Lynx BMS to monitor fuses via I2C bus. A small USB to I2C bridge and the dbus plugin and you get alarms in Venus OS / VRM whenever a fuse blows.

Kudos to Tobias!

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Post #3 bill of material

Work in progress

main power distrubtion cabinet

  • cabinet
    Hager ZB33S 1100x800x205mm, 3 fields
  • 4p manual 1-0-2 transfer switch
    Kraus&Naimer Netz-Umschalter KA63B. T904.VE2.F437
  • MP2 5k ACin/out1/out2 line protections 50A
    3+N Hager MBN650, today I would use 4p and no 3p+N
  • distribution block
    WeidmĂŒller 1562140000 WPD 501 2X25/2X16 1XGN/3XGY/1XBL
  • main switch blockable
    Hager SH363S 3polig 63A
  • 4p switch for coubling into vertical power chains
    Hager SBN463 (63A is chaeper than 50A)
  • vertical phase rail connecting 3 rows
    Hager KCF668S 3p+N 3 rows
  • horizontal phase rail to connect RCD/breaker
    Hager KDS463AT 12 Mod. 63A L1L2L3N
  • for each single-phase 16A load circuit RCD/breaker combi
    Hager ADS916D FI/LS-Schalter 1P+N 6kA B16A 0, 03A A QC&QB
  • for each 3-phase 16A load circuite RCD/breaker combi
    Hager ADM416QC 4P 6kA B-16A 30mA Typ A QC/QB

By intention I will not make any suggestion on surge protection or grid meter field. This depends heavily on local regulations and need a certified electricion.

cabinet mapping 3xMP2 to 3phase

  • cabinet Hager VA36CN + door Hager VA36T
  • 3x distribution blocks
    (see WeidmĂŒller at main power distribution board)

AC cable

  • Lapp Ölflex Cassic 110 3g10 and 5g10 for 50A

MP2 external fan

Lynx Fuse Monitoring

DC fuses, cable, lugs

Different 70qmm cable lugs. Only the left one Klauke KL-70-8-SG fits into Lynx with fuses.

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That man has a private battery-crane. That’s full commitment. :laughing:

Nice and clean setup. I’m a absulte “friend” of well organized setups over hanging cables and loose covers everywhere.

5

Neat cable work. Like the Hager. Use Phoenix Contact myself a lot. I take it you use a T-class Lynx? Why do you use Adler 200A fuses? Can your battery prismatic cells handle 200A each? What brand cable ducts are you using? Doesn’t look like OBI / Hornbach :wink: OBO Bettermann perhaps?

Man. You sure honoured your basement with your sir name :wink:

6

@ChiefSolar

it‘s the standard Lynx for Mega-fuses but equiped with Adler EF3 ceramic fuses. 200A/50,000A.
15kWh batteries are likely to provide 2,000A short circuit current. This at the edge of normal Mega-fuses.

The new Mega-fuses with ceramic housing from Victron shall be able to clear more than 2,000A, but I did not had my hands on it.

Yes, cable ducts are OBO Bettermann 160x60 and 60x40. The 160x60 are a little small for 9 times 3px10qmm Lapp Ölflex
 and even for the Ölflex I underestinazed the bending radius.

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