Hallo,
in Deutschland werden wir in diesem Jahr 100 GW an Erzeugungsleistung installiert haben. Am Ostermontag im letzten Jahr hatten wir dagegen einen Strombedarf von 45 GW Börsenstrompreis 0 ct/Wh, am 1. Mai 59 GW und -12 ct/kWh, am Sonntag nach Himmelfahrt 55 GW Last und -13 ct/kWh und am Pfingstmontag 51 GW und -3 ct/kWh. letztendlich ist das jeden Sonntag so und besonders kritisch an den langen Wochenenden. Dann sind irgendwann die e-Autos voll und der Grill läuft, anstelle des Herds.
Ich wollte nicht auf eine Gesetz warten, das dann wieder sehr unhandlich wird, sondern eine sinnvollen Beitrag leisten. Ein zusätzliches Argument ist die Netzspannung, die man an seinem Anschluss hat von den üblichen 230 V steigt die an diesen Nachmittagen auf über 240 V und belasten die eigenen Geräte.
Umsetzung:
Ich habe eines der Relais am Credo genutzt und bin damit auf die Kontakte des Wechselrichters, die für den Rundsteuerempfänger vorgesehen sind.
Darstellung der Anschlüsse aus der Kostal Piko Anleitung. Die Relais haben zwei Ausgänge Beschreibung Cerbo Anschlüsse
NO, COM und NC. COM ist der Eingang und ist im Grundzustand auf NC (normally closed) geschaltet. Bei Schalten des Relais geht COM auf NO (normally open).
Ich habe jetzt einen Alten Telefondraht genommen und den Anschluss “12V” mit COM verbunden den Anschluss ANL4 (100%) auf NC und den ANL3 (70%) auf NO.
Das Relais schaltet also von 100% im Normalfall auf 70% Leistungsbegrenzung wenn man das Relais schaltet. Ein Netzwerkkabel ist sicher sehr fummelig, Klingeldraht mit drei Adern wäre ideal.
Das Relais wird mit der angehängten Node Red Steuerung geschaltet:
Im Node “!Parameter” wird durch Doppelklick das Parameterfenster geöffnet.
Dort gibt man seine Anlagengrösse in kWp, die Schaltpunkt für die maximale Einspeisung in % ein.
Hier eine 10 kWp Anlage, die bei 70% abgeregelt wird. Wenn die Einspeisung unter 60% liegt, wuerde die Abregelung wieder aufgehoben.
Als zusätzlichen Parameter habe ich die Spannung an L1 des Victron Grid meters definiert hier 240.2 V. Die kann man auch ändern. Wenn zwar in ganz Deutschland Stromüberfluss herrscht, bei mir aber alle Nachbarn doch ihr e-Autos laden, dann würde die Spannung nicht ansteigen und ich regel auch nicht ab.
Die 240 V kommen von der Standard Q(U) Kurve. bis 236.9 V gilt demnach die Spannung als normale Abweichung, dann von 237 bis 246.1 wird die Blindleistung geregelt und bleibt dann Konstant. Ich wollte nicht den ganzen Bereich ausnutzen. Die Nachkommastelle habe ich dirn, falls diese Post zu erfolgreich wird, dass nicht alle Anlagen gleichzeitig abregeln, also wenigstens die Nachkommastelle ändern (aber nicht aus dem Punkt ein Komma machen!). wenn die Spannung wieder auf 237 V sinkt, wird ebenfalls die Abregelung aufgehoben, unabhängig von der Einspeisung.
Als zweiten Punkt, kann man unter "WR-abregeln? Zeiten eingeben einmal die 11-16 Uhr, falls man da andere Zeiten wünscht. Vor allem unten die Wochentage.
Den Montag kann man auch rausnehmen und nur an Pfingst- und Ostermontag von Hand ändern. Die anderen Feiertage kann man dan ebenfalls von Hand in der Woche mit dem Feiertag eingeben und nachher wieder löschen.
Wie man Node-Red einrichtet erfährt man [hier].(Venus OS Large image: Signal K and Node-RED [Victron Energy]).
Lasst doch gerne ein Herz oder einen Kommentar hier, falls ihr das System nutzen wollt, ich bin neugierig.
Ich erwarte nicht viel, es kostet immerhin ein paar kWh Einspeisevergütung, dafür darf man hoffentlich zuschauen, wie die Blackoutprofeten daneben liegen 
Damit es nicht zur Abriegelung kommt, kann noch eine bessere Nutzung des Speichers vorsehen.
Hier noch das Node Red Skript zum importieren.
[
{
"id": "28e1f868300f93be",
"type": "tab",
"label": "WR-Abregeln kopie",
"disabled": false,
"info": "",
"env": []
},
{
"id": "66d4de0601a6b54d",
"type": "inject",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"name": "Refresh täglich 4:00",
"props": [
{
"p": "payload"
},
{
"p": "topic",
"vt": "str"
}
],
"repeat": "",
"crontab": "00 04 * * *",
"once": true,
"onceDelay": 0.1,
"topic": "",
"payload": "",
"payloadType": "date",
"x": 140,
"y": 140,
"wires": [
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"b305d2042a1ca1ed"
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},
{
"id": "b305d2042a1ca1ed",
"type": "change",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"name": "Parameter festlegen",
"rules": [
{
"t": "set",
"p": "KWpeak",
"pt": "flow",
"to": "10.0",
"tot": "num"
},
{
"t": "set",
"p": "Abregelung",
"pt": "flow",
"to": "70",
"tot": "num"
},
{
"t": "set",
"p": "Restart",
"pt": "flow",
"to": "60",
"tot": "num"
},
{
"t": "set",
"p": "UL1max",
"pt": "flow",
"to": "240.2",
"tot": "num"
},
{
"t": "set",
"p": "Urestart",
"pt": "flow",
"to": "237",
"tot": "num"
}
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"action": "",
"property": "",
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"to": "",
"reg": false,
"x": 360,
"y": 140,
"wires": [
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"icon": "node-red/alert.svg"
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{
"id": "a79fda55f641bbd7",
"type": "function",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"name": "Maximale Einspeisung",
"func": "var KWpeak = flow.get (\"KWpeak\");\nvar Abregelung = flow.get (\"Abregelung\");\nvar KWmax = Number(KWpeak) * Number(Abregelung) / 100;\nflow.set('KWmax',KWmax);\nmsg.payload = KWmax;\nnode.status({ fill: 'green', shape: 'dot', text: `${msg.payload} kW` });\nreturn msg;",
"outputs": 1,
"timeout": 0,
"noerr": 0,
"initialize": "",
"finalize": "",
"libs": [],
"x": 780,
"y": 140,
"wires": [
[]
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"type": "function",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"name": "Einspeisung für Restart",
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"timeout": 0,
"noerr": 0,
"initialize": "",
"finalize": "",
"libs": [],
"x": 770,
"y": 200,
"wires": [
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"type": "comment",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"name": "Wichtig unter \"!\" Paramer festlegen die kWP un die Abregelung eingeben",
"info": "",
"x": 300,
"y": 60,
"wires": []
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{
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"type": "victron-input-gridmeter",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"service": "com.victronenergy.grid/31",
"path": "/Ac/Power",
"serviceObj": {
"service": "com.victronenergy.grid/31",
"name": "Grid meter"
},
"pathObj": {
"path": "/Ac/Power",
"type": "float",
"name": "Power (W)"
},
"name": "",
"onlyChanges": false,
"roundValues": "1",
"x": 140,
"y": 260,
"wires": [
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]
]
},
{
"id": "b33d0503a0dcc45e",
"type": "switch",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"name": "Einspeisung > MaxEinspeisung?",
"property": "Einspeisung",
"propertyType": "flow",
"rules": [
{
"t": "lte",
"v": "KWrestart",
"vt": "flow"
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],
"checkall": "true",
"repair": false,
"outputs": 1,
"x": 690,
"y": 780,
"wires": [
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]
},
{
"id": "f4e617601954a8fd",
"type": "switch",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"name": "Spannung L1 > Umax?",
"property": "Spannung_L1",
"propertyType": "flow",
"rules": [
{
"t": "lte",
"v": "Urestart",
"vt": "flow"
}
],
"checkall": "true",
"repair": false,
"outputs": 1,
"x": 710,
"y": 700,
"wires": [
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},
{
"id": "4bb0d141d8bd57e8",
"type": "change",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"name": "",
"rules": [
{
"t": "set",
"p": "Einspeisung",
"pt": "flow",
"to": "payload",
"tot": "msg"
}
],
"action": "",
"property": "",
"from": "",
"to": "",
"reg": false,
"x": 780,
"y": 260,
"wires": [
[]
]
},
{
"id": "1a5289a4d73dd8fb",
"type": "victron-input-gridmeter",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"service": "com.victronenergy.grid/31",
"path": "/Ac/L1/Voltage",
"serviceObj": {
"service": "com.victronenergy.grid/31",
"name": "Grid meter"
},
"pathObj": {
"path": "/Ac/L1/Voltage",
"type": "float",
"name": "L1 Voltage (V)"
},
"name": "",
"onlyChanges": true,
"roundValues": "3",
"x": 150,
"y": 320,
"wires": [
[
"4f6558c17e43f3d2"
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},
{
"id": "4f6558c17e43f3d2",
"type": "change",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"name": "",
"rules": [
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"p": "Spannung_L1",
"pt": "flow",
"to": "payload",
"tot": "msg"
}
],
"action": "",
"property": "",
"from": "",
"to": "",
"reg": false,
"x": 430,
"y": 320,
"wires": [
[]
]
},
{
"id": "8d01e12612d60819",
"type": "victron-input-relay",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"service": "com.victronenergy.system/0",
"path": "/Relay/0/State",
"serviceObj": {
"service": "com.victronenergy.system/0",
"name": "Venus system"
},
"pathObj": {
"path": "/Relay/0/State",
"type": "enum",
"name": "Venus relay 1 state",
"enum": {
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"1": "Closed"
}
},
"initial": "",
"name": "",
"onlyChanges": true,
"x": 180,
"y": 380,
"wires": [
[
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]
},
{
"id": "b1c74b65ef65d451",
"type": "victron-input-relay",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"service": "com.victronenergy.system/0",
"path": "/Relay/1/State",
"serviceObj": {
"service": "com.victronenergy.system/0",
"name": "Venus system"
},
"pathObj": {
"path": "/Relay/1/State",
"type": "enum",
"name": "Venus relay 2 state",
"enum": {
"0": "Open",
"1": "Closed"
}
},
"initial": "",
"name": "",
"onlyChanges": true,
"x": 180,
"y": 440,
"wires": [
[
"4418e6879273a981"
]
]
},
{
"id": "69f383678269b26d",
"type": "inject",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"name": "WR abregeln?",
"props": [
{
"p": "payload"
},
{
"p": "topic",
"vt": "str"
}
],
"repeat": "",
"crontab": "*/1 11-15 * * 1,0",
"once": false,
"onceDelay": 0.1,
"topic": "",
"payload": "0",
"payloadType": "num",
"x": 140,
"y": 540,
"wires": [
[
"71be08c70f0835db",
"24d279e037533711"
]
]
},
{
"id": "65748f6d3a272fc4",
"type": "switch",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"name": "Einspeisung > MaxEinspeisung?",
"property": "Einspeisung",
"propertyType": "flow",
"rules": [
{
"t": "gt",
"v": "KWmax",
"vt": "flow"
}
],
"checkall": "true",
"repair": false,
"outputs": 1,
"x": 450,
"y": 580,
"wires": [
[
"e025e3c11f643f89"
]
]
},
{
"id": "e025e3c11f643f89",
"type": "switch",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"name": "Spannung L1 > Umax?",
"property": "Spannung_L1",
"propertyType": "flow",
"rules": [
{
"t": "gte",
"v": "UL1max",
"vt": "flow"
}
],
"checkall": "true",
"repair": false,
"outputs": 1,
"x": 710,
"y": 580,
"wires": [
[
"bfd559cdcd0427bc"
]
]
},
{
"id": "bfd559cdcd0427bc",
"type": "victron-output-relay",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"service": "com.victronenergy.system/0",
"path": "/Relay/0/State",
"serviceObj": {
"service": "com.victronenergy.system/0",
"name": "Venus device"
},
"pathObj": {
"path": "/Relay/0/State",
"type": "enum",
"name": "Venus relay 1 state",
"enum": {
"0": "Open",
"1": "Closed"
},
"writable": true,
"disabled": false
},
"initial": "1",
"name": "",
"onlyChanges": false,
"x": 1040,
"y": 620,
"wires": []
},
{
"id": "291c3db2f4e55bca",
"type": "change",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"name": "Aufheben",
"rules": [
{
"t": "set",
"p": "payload",
"pt": "msg",
"to": "1",
"tot": "num"
}
],
"action": "",
"property": "",
"from": "",
"to": "",
"reg": false,
"x": 320,
"y": 780,
"wires": [
[
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},
{
"id": "7359f33a0fc6f00e",
"type": "function",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"name": "Einspeisung in kW pos",
"func": "msg.payload /= -1000;\n\nnode.status({ fill: 'green', shape: 'dot', text: `${msg.payload} kW` });\nreturn msg;",
"outputs": 1,
"timeout": 0,
"noerr": 0,
"initialize": "",
"finalize": "",
"libs": [],
"x": 540,
"y": 260,
"wires": [
[
"4bb0d141d8bd57e8"
]
]
},
{
"id": "24d279e037533711",
"type": "switch",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"name": "Relais auf Abregelung?",
"property": "Relais1St",
"propertyType": "flow",
"rules": [
{
"t": "eq",
"v": "0",
"vt": "num"
}
],
"checkall": "true",
"repair": false,
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"y": 840,
"wires": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"id": "a66ff6ef7bbe0760",
"type": "switch",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"name": "Strombezug?",
"property": "Einspeisung",
"propertyType": "flow",
"rules": [
{
"t": "lte",
"v": "0",
"vt": "num"
}
],
"checkall": "true",
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"y": 840,
"wires": [
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]
},
{
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"type": "change",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"name": "Relais schalten",
"rules": [
{
"t": "set",
"p": "payload",
"pt": "msg",
"to": "1",
"tot": "str"
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],
"action": "",
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"reg": false,
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"wires": [
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{
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"type": "delay",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"name": "",
"pauseType": "rate",
"timeout": "5",
"timeoutUnits": "seconds",
"rate": "1",
"nbRateUnits": "15",
"rateUnits": "minute",
"randomFirst": "1",
"randomLast": "5",
"randomUnits": "seconds",
"drop": true,
"allowrate": false,
"outputs": 1,
"x": 170,
"y": 660,
"wires": [
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},
{
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"type": "rbe",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"name": "",
"func": "deadbandEq",
"gap": "100",
"start": "",
"inout": "out",
"septopics": false,
"property": "payload",
"topi": "topic",
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"checkall": "true",
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"wires": [
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{
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"wires": [
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},
{
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"type": "switch",
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"name": "Spannung L1 > Umax?",
"property": "Spannung_L1",
"propertyType": "flow",
"rules": [
{
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"service": "com.victronenergy.system/0",
"path": "/Relay/1/State",
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"pathObj": {
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{
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"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"name": "Relais auf Abregelung?",
"property": "Relais2St",
"propertyType": "flow",
"rules": [
{
"t": "eq",
"v": "0",
"vt": "num"
}
],
"checkall": "true",
"repair": false,
"outputs": 1,
"x": 310,
"y": 1280,
"wires": [
[
"e23a5b528655e2e9"
]
]
},
{
"id": "e23a5b528655e2e9",
"type": "switch",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"name": "Strombezug?",
"property": "Einspeisung",
"propertyType": "flow",
"rules": [
{
"t": "lte",
"v": "0",
"vt": "num"
}
],
"checkall": "true",
"repair": false,
"outputs": 1,
"x": 540,
"y": 1280,
"wires": [
[
"414c09cb6509eaaa"
]
]
},
{
"id": "414c09cb6509eaaa",
"type": "change",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"name": "Relais schalten",
"rules": [
{
"t": "set",
"p": "payload",
"pt": "msg",
"to": "1",
"tot": "str"
}
],
"action": "",
"property": "",
"from": "",
"to": "",
"reg": false,
"x": 740,
"y": 1280,
"wires": [
[
"3d4b5ba7348ef39b"
]
]
},
{
"id": "490ff9291bd73f42",
"type": "delay",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"name": "",
"pauseType": "rate",
"timeout": "5",
"timeoutUnits": "seconds",
"rate": "1",
"nbRateUnits": "15",
"rateUnits": "minute",
"randomFirst": "1",
"randomLast": "5",
"randomUnits": "seconds",
"drop": true,
"allowrate": false,
"outputs": 1,
"x": 170,
"y": 1100,
"wires": [
[
"7d85fb814c571246",
"88ab260ffe11d1e5"
]
]
},
{
"id": "7502d2c979a84617",
"type": "delay",
"z": "28e1f868300f93be",
"name": "",
"pauseType": "delay",
"timeout": "2",
"timeoutUnits": "minutes",
"rate": "1",
"nbRateUnits": "1",
"rateUnits": "second",
"randomFirst": "1",
"randomLast": "5",
"randomUnits": "seconds",
"drop": false,
"allowrate": false,
"outputs": 1,
"x": 140,
"y": 1000,
"wires": [
[
"490ff9291bd73f42"
]
]
}
]
