DIY 3 phase ESS installation in Belgium - Do's and dont's to get legalized (AREI)?

Hi thanks for responding.

Are you sure that is correct? I see many people using the HIM406 so I thought it would be suitable. The Sontheimer UL063 will be no issue for AREI inspection? In that case I get that one.

The cable should be fine. 40A is well below the limits and voltage drop is only 1.04% at full load.

If you want your solar on the AC-out you’ll need to make sure your battery is big enough to handle the solar output in case of a grid failure, see the Victron factor 1.0 rule.

I’m going for 16kWh, so I should be good right?

I’m thinking about the Victon EV charger NS, since I can not find any charger that is able to switch from 1 phase to 3 phase that will work nice with Victron.

OK, so a VAT (BTW) number is only requested when you request a dynamic contract?
Don’t you think you need to give it when you register the batteries @ Fluvius (where you also have to register the inverters, including the serials)?

A 16kWh battery can handle up to 5kW solar production. I don’t think you mentioned what size solar inverter you have, but seeing as you have 5.31kW panels it’s probably a 5kW inverter? So yes, you’re fine (just).

I was informed by a installer that if you set the victron system to not inject, you do not need a VAT number and no netstudy (when using the 5000kVA invertors). You do need to register the system with fluvius. I have not heard of a dynamic contract specific case yet, but I am in noway expert in the matter :wink:

I also have many questions and most are still relevant. It’s a complicated matter this victron system, mainly the safety and AREI inspection related part of it.

Victron’s Factor 1.0 rule states that the nominal DC power of the PV installation connected to the AC-OUT of the MultiPlus-IIs (via micro-inverters or AC-coupled inverters) must not be greater than the nominal DC power of the battery (bank)… right?

I have Enphase micro-invertors, those will do 295W each maximum, so I have a maximium AC production of 5,31kW

I am not 100% sure this calculation is correct, but this is what I came up with:

  • Yixyang DIY box v2 with 16 EVE MB31 cells.
  • Nominal voltage: 16 * 3.2V = 51.2V
  • Nominal capacity: 310Ah
    51.2V * 310Ah = 15.872 kWh

AC-PV (Enphase): 5.31 kW

In that case I should be well within range or not?

A VAT number might be required if you have more than 10kVA worth of inverters and use those to sell power back to the grid. If you don’t sell power back (geen “terugleververgoedingscontract”) you simply avoid the problem altogether.

My point about the dynamic tariff was just that I wasn’t interested in selling back to the grid with a regular contract since you only get peanuts, it only (possibly) becomes interesting to sell back when you have a dynamic tariff.

In any case, the problem lies more with the electricity providers asking for a VAT number to cover their asses than with the government actually demanding it.

Also see attached pdf (Dutch).

Parlementaire vraag nr. 115 van de heer Steven Coenegracht d.d. 14 maart 2025.pdf (87.4 KB)

@MIchelW Don’t mix up the fluvius requirements (netstudy, registration) with the government VAT number requirement, they are two separate instances. And you don’t actually need to set your victron inverters not to inject, you just can’t accept payment for any injection. Whether you inject or not without any payment is up to you. But neither fluvius nor your electricity provider will care how you configured your inverters. All that matters is that they are physically able to do something (inject in this case).

See AC-coupling and the Factor 1.0 rule [Victron Energy] point 3.2 “1,5 kWp installed AC PV power requires 4.8 kWh of battery storage”

5 / 1.5 * 4.8 = 16

@bernieke , thanks for responding. Your last URL does not seem to work.

Could I maybe get you to give some advise to my AC connectivity questions?

I’m looking for the path from the Fluvius F40/3n main switch to the energymeter, bypass, the victron EV charger and the path to the multiplus II’s, als well as the exact required AC components as outlined here: DIY 3 phase ESS installation in Belgium - Do's and dont's to get legalized (AREI)? - #37 by MIchelW

After months of looking into things, getting companies to make a quote, I just had 1 installer actually responding that can supply victron, but it is so expensive (and not exactly what I want) which makes it impossible to make a viable Return-on-investment case.

I am handy enough to install everything, I am just not into to AC rules, wiring and equipment as I used to be 30 years ago :wink:

If I can install it myself, safely and according to AREI specs, there is a hugh cost saving and therefore a proper return on investment.

In any case, the problem lies more with the electricity providers asking for a VAT number to cover their asses than with the government actually demanding it.

Indeed… However: are you sure this is possible? I am also not interested in sending any Watt-second back into the grid, but I’m afraid that they will force me to get a BTW number, just because I installed 3x 5kVA (12kW) of inverters. And as it is mandatory to register the device’s, they are know by Fluvius…

Fixed the link.

I used VOBST10 wires in the cabinets, RZ1-K1x50 for DC, RZ1-K3G10 for AC to the inverters (both around 1.5m length), XVB5G6 for the EV charger.

But you can actually see all that, as well as the components I used, in the eendraadschema I attached in DIY 3 phase ESS installation in Belgium - Do's and dont's to get legalized (AREI)? - #34 by bernieke

Off course you’ll need to spec your wire thicknesses and breakers/diffs according to your specific distances and current requirements.

You can find the AREI requirements (breaker current to wire thickness table fi.) at Algemeen Reglement op de elektrische installaties (AREI) - Boeken 1, 2 en 3 | FOD Economie (boek 1).

I originally had to subscribe (“terugleververgoedingsovereenkomst” or something like it they called it) to receive payment for my injection when they switched me to a digital meter, so I don’t see why it should be a problem to not have it.

And the VAT requirement is solely meant to tax the injection payment. No payment = no VAT required…

But I haven’t gotten so far yet, I’ll be setting a date for the inspection this weekend. Once that has passed (successfully…) I can register the battery with Fluvius. And then I’ll just wait and see until (if) my provider comes to me with any VAT questions.

As long as you do not earn more than €25000,00 per year in revenue, you can apply for a VAT exemption. However, you still need to register as a business. A disadvantage is that you will also have to pay the provincial business tax in your place of residence. Another drawback of the VAT exemption is that you cannot deduct the VAT paid on your inverters, but you also cannot charge VAT on the electricity you sell. You also need to file a tax return and a customer listing once a year.

As long as you do not inject large amounts of electricity, the tax authorities will not consider it as business profit.

Has anyone already gone through this process?

Thanks, i’ll find some time to whip something up and share my drawing. Maybe you guy’s can then take a shot at it and give some pointers for improvement. :slight_smile:

Is this the correct one? https://www.amazon.com.be/-/en/Sontheimer-Switch-4-pole-net-0-Not-inverter/dp/B0BJPWDKX3

Yes, that’s the one I have.

That’s a load of horseshit from that installer.
If you write a declaration that you’re installing >10kVA of total inverter power to maximize your self consumption and not with the intention to make a profit, you might not need the TVA number - but official approval will be needed.

Netstudy requirements have changed: only needed for >25kVA installs.

did somebody already send/got approved such a declaration (for not needing a VAT number)?

@bernieke let us know how your story progresses. It’s a good example of where some of us also want to go.

The inspection is scheduled for Friday.

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Fingers crossed. At some point I will get there as well…

indeed. I’ll cross my fingers also, but everything is looking good, so it should be OK.
Did you inform the inspector upfront that it is a “not so typical” setup?