Unless its PME you will need it, as outlined below, but most people still supplimentry bond to the PME with an earth rod, i opeted for a full TT system and disconnected mine from the grid but ive gone down 4.5 meters so my earth reading was 2.15 Ohms after i finished which is really good for a TT system and well with in the requirements, all my supply pipes are plastic other wise i may have just supplmentry bonded to the DNO’s with the rod.
Earthing arrangements for island mode operation
In connected mode, an installation with a TN earthing arrangement (TN-C-S or TN-S) may use the distributor’s means of earthing. In a TT system, the consumer’s earth electrode is used – but care needs to be taken to ensure that this provides an earth of sufficient quality.
However, when the installation moves to island mode, it is important to make special earthing provisions.
Regulation 551.4.3.2.1 of BS 7671 states that, in TN systems, generators operating as a switched alternative to the public supply cannot continue to rely on the distributor’s means of earthing.
In systems where a low voltage supply is provided to the installation, the neutral of the supply is earthed at the distributor’s transformer.
Accordingly, in systems operating in island mode, the distributor’s neutral-earth link cannot and must not be relied upon, as this is switched out when the live conductors are disconnected.
An installation that operates in island mode therefore requires:
- a switching mechanism to disconnect live conductors of the installation that are to be powered in island mode from the grid. The IET Code of Practice for Electrical Energy Storage Systems calls this an island mode isolator
- a switching mechanism to provide a neutral for the island mode The IET Code of Practice for Electrical Energy Storage Systems calls this an N-E bond relay, and
- a consumer earth electrode. In TT systems, this may be the TT system consumer electrode, if it meets specific technical requirements.
The earthing arrangement of most EESS in island mode, where the installation has a low voltage public supply connection, is therefore always TN-S.
Note: If the N-E bond relay were not present, and the EESS inverter has a permanent connection between neutral and earth, RCDs in the installation would operate, as this would effectively be a neutral to earth fault in the installation.
Note: In installations where PME conditions apply in connected mode, PME conditions continue to apply in island mode. This is because the distributor’s means of earthing remains connected, even though it is not used.
Table 1: Connected and island mode earthing arrangements for installations with a low voltage public supply connection