Hi,
thanks for your thoughts on that. I checked the PV with an insulation tester. It looks completely fine.
I build a small test setup to check the MPPT. I used a 12V car battery and a single PV panel with about 45V open circuit valtage.
With that setup i also measured PV voltage between the negative battery terminal and the grounding point.
When i connect the grounding point to the negative terminal on the battery, there are no sparks and the current through the grounding wire is <1mA. It seems like the sparks only appear with higher PV voltage.
I did the same measurement with a different MPPT and there is no voltage between the negative battery terminal an the grounding point.